Old European Stains

When I look at old European stains (approximately 1800's to 1950) I often notice a distinct difference. They often have a very dark and less translucent pigment. I attached a photo to demonstrate an example of what I generally mean. I want to replicate this on a piece of furniture I'm building but I really don't know what they were using. Does anyone have any information on what was used for this type of stain, or if nothing else, a modern product that comes close?

Thank you